What is an anal fissure?
An anal fissure is a small tear or ulcer in the anal canal mucosa that may cause painful bowel movements. Once the skin is torn each subsequent bowel movement can be extremely painful. Blood may be noticed in the toilet bowl or on the toilet paper and is generally bright red.
What causes an anal fissure?
Anal fissures result from injury to the anal canal caused by constipation or forcefully straining when opening the bowels.
What are the signs and symptoms of an anal fissure?
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Pain present when opening bowels
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Bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl
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Tear in skin noticeable when parting the buttock
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Pruritus ani (itchy bottom)
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Constipation often due to painful bowel movements
Conservative
The aim of the treatment is to decrease the tension and spasm caused
by the fissure allowing the skin to heal. Anal fissures are usually
treated conservatively by such measures as:
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Stool softeners
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Sitting in warm sitz baths (salt baths)
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Prescribed creams or suppositories that reduces inflammation
A large proportion of fissures treated in this fashion will heal in several weeks to months.
Surgical
If the fissure does not heal and becomes chronic in nature, surgery
may be required. The surgical option is:
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Sphincterotomy (this involves dividing a portion of the tight anal canal muscle)
This is short stay procedure and can be day only or, on occasions, may require one night stay in hospital. There are risks with any surgical procedure and your doctor will discuss these with you.
Useful Contacts and Further Information
Concord Hospital has an internationally recognised Colorectal Unit and can be contacted on 97678360
Contact your General Practitioner
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